AP U.S. History
APUSH 4.3–4.8: Mixed Practice 1 (Primary Sources)
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21 AP-style source questions for Topics 4.3-4.8: Monroe Doctrine, Jackson's Bank veto, his proclamation on nullification, the Cherokee memorial, a Lowell mill petition, Erie Canal shipping data, the 1824 election results, and Tocqueville. Every choice explained.
21 questions across 5 sections. After every answer you’ll see why each choice is right or wrong, not just the one you picked.
Sample questions
Open a question to see the answer choices and the correct answer.
"The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers. . . . In the wars of the European powers in matters relating to themselves we have never taken any part, nor does it comport with our policy so to do." | President James Monroe, annual message to Congress, 1823 — The excerpt was most directly a response to which development?
- A. France offering to sell the Louisiana Territory after losing Saint-Domingue
- B. Britain seizing American merchant ships and impressing sailors during the Napoleonic Wars
- C. Latin American independence and fear that Europe would help Spain retake its colonies ✓
- D. Mexico closing Texas to further American settlement after rising tensions
Correct answer: C. Monroe and Adams feared the Holy Alliance (Russia, Prussia, Austria, France) would help Spain reconquer its former colonies.
"The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers. . . . In the wars of the European powers in matters relating to themselves we have never taken any part, nor does it comport with our policy so to do." | President James Monroe, annual message to Congress, 1823 — In 1823, the policy in the excerpt could be enforced mainly because
- A. the U.S. Navy had become the largest in the world after the War of 1812
- B. the Holy Alliance had signed a treaty accepting U.S. leadership in the hemisphere
- C. the U.S. Army had recently defeated Spain in a war over Florida
- D. Britain wanted open trade in Latin America and its navy opposed reconquest ✓
Correct answer: D. The U.S. Navy was small. Britain's own commercial interests and fleet gave the doctrine real force at first.
"The American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers. . . . In the wars of the European powers in matters relating to themselves we have never taken any part, nor does it comport with our policy so to do." | President James Monroe, annual message to Congress, 1823 — The excerpt best reflects which broader trend in the decade after the War of 1812?
- A. A turn away from westward expansion after the costs of the War of 1812
- B. Increasing sectional unity over the expansion of slavery into the West
- C. A growing desire to join European alliances to protect American trade
- D. Rising American nationalism and confidence in the hemisphere ✓
Correct answer: D. Victory at New Orleans, the Era of Good Feelings, Marshall's nationalist rulings and the American System all reflect this mood.
"It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes. . . . When the laws undertake to add to these natural and just advantages artificial distinctions, to grant titles, gratuities, and exclusive privileges, to make the rich richer and the potent more powerful, the humble members of society—the farmers, mechanics, and laborers—who have neither the time nor the means of securing like favors to themselves, have a right to complain of the injustice of their Government." | President Andrew Jackson, message vetoing the bill to recharter the Second Bank of the United States, 1832 — The ideas in the excerpt are most similar to the arguments made by
- A. John Marshall in McCulloch v. Maryland
- B. Thomas Jefferson against Hamilton's first national bank ✓
- C. Alexander Hamilton in his Report on Manufactures (1791)
- D. Henry Clay in support of his American System
Correct answer: B. Both saw a national bank as an unconstitutional favor to wealthy eastern interests at the expense of ordinary farmers.
"It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes. . . . When the laws undertake to add to these natural and just advantages artificial distinctions, to grant titles, gratuities, and exclusive privileges, to make the rich richer and the potent more powerful, the humble members of society—the farmers, mechanics, and laborers—who have neither the time nor the means of securing like favors to themselves, have a right to complain of the injustice of their Government." | President Andrew Jackson, message vetoing the bill to recharter the Second Bank of the United States, 1832 — Which group would most likely have supported the position in the excerpt?
- A. Whig Party leaders such as Henry Clay and Daniel Webster
- B. Investors who owned stock in the Second Bank of the United States
- C. Western farmers and state bankers who resented the Second Bank ✓
- D. Northeastern merchants and manufacturers who relied on a stable national currency
Correct answer: C. Many westerners blamed the Bank for the Panic of 1819, and state banks disliked its power to restrain their lending.